elated
英 /ɪˈleɪtɪd/美 /ɪˈleɪtɪd/
adj. 形容词
兴高采烈的;得意洋洋的
基本释义
本义为“被抬高的”,源自拉丁语,后引申为情绪上的“高涨”。核心义项是“兴高采烈的”,指因成功、好消息等而产生的强烈喜悦和兴奋。引申义包括“得意洋洋的”,强调因成就或认可而自豪。两者紧密相连,均表达积极情绪,但后者更侧重自我满足感。
构词与来源
源自拉丁语‘elatus’,是‘efferre’的过去分词,由‘ex-’(向外)和‘ferre’(携带)构成,字面意为“被带出”,引申为“提升”。英语中经法语‘elater’进入,后演变为形容词。记忆时可联想“e-”(向外)+‘late’(携带),即“情绪被带出来”,从而记住“兴高采烈”之意。
常见语境
多用于日常口语和文学作品,描述个人强烈的喜悦。在新闻报道中,常形容公众人物的兴奋状态。学术写作和商务邮件中较少使用,因其情感色彩较强,语气更主观。口语中可直接说“I'm elated”,而正式场合则用“I am delighted”更中性。
语法提示
通常作表语,后接介词‘at’或‘by’引出原因,如“elated at the news”。也可接不定式,如“elated to hear”。常见句型为“be elated that...”。易错点:不可用于进行时,无比较级和最高级,因其已表达极端状态。
同义词区别
与‘overjoyed’、‘thrilled’、‘ecstatic’相近。‘elated’强调因特定事件而情绪高涨;‘overjoyed’更强调极度高兴,常因意外之喜;‘thrilled’更侧重兴奋和激动;‘ecstatic’程度最深,近乎狂喜。选择时根据情绪强度和语境:一般高兴用‘happy’,强烈用‘elated’,极致用‘ecstatic’。
常见误区
语域偏正式,但口语中也可用。褒义明显,表达积极情感。常见误用:与‘elate’混淆,后者为动词。另外,不要与‘alluded’(暗指)混淆。避免用于轻微高兴,以免夸张。
搭配用法
- elated at/by
- elated to hear
- feel elated
- elated mood
- elated smile
- elated fans
- elated about
- elated with joy
实用例句
She was elated at the prospect of starting a new job.
The team felt elated after winning the championship.
He was elated to receive the prestigious award.
I'm elated that you could come to the party.
Her elated mood was evident from her smile.
The elated fans celebrated long into the night.