oppression

基本释义

本义指“压制的行为或状态”，尤其指政治或社会意义上的不公正统治，如对群体的压迫。引申义可指心理上的压抑感、沉重感，或一种令人窒息的环境。从具体行为到抽象感受，词义由外而内延伸。

构词与来源

源自拉丁语 oppressio，由 ob-（朝向）和 premere（压）构成，原义为“压向”。进入英语后，经由古法语 oppression 演变而来。记忆时可拆解为 op + press（压）+ ion（名词后缀），理解为“压向某物”，引申为“压迫”。

常见语境

常见于政治评论、社会讨论、历史叙述，指制度性不公。在法律文本中可能指权利受侵害。文学作品中常描述心理压抑。日常口语中较少直接使用，多用于正式或严肃语境。语气上，政治语境强烈，心理语境更个人化。

语法提示

名词，不可数。常见搭配有 oppression of/against。作主语时谓语用单数。易错点：与动词 oppress 混淆，注意词性。也常与介词 under 连用，如 under oppression。

同义词区别

与 suppression（压制，强调强制消除）相比，oppression 更强调长期不公正。与 repression（压抑，多指心理）相比，oppression 侧重外部强加。与 persecution（迫害，指基于身份的攻击）相比，oppression 更广泛，不一定是暴力。

常见误区

语域较高，正式用语，带强烈负面色彩。避免在轻松场合误用。常见误用为指一般压力，应区分 stress 或 pressure。

搭配用法

• political oppression
• oppression of women
• under oppression
• struggle against oppression
• sense of oppression
• oppression by the state

实用例句

The regime was notorious for its oppression of minority groups.

She felt a sense of oppression in the crowded, windowless room.

The novel explores themes of oppression and resistance.

Oppression against women is still a serious issue in many parts of the world.

The people rose up against decades of oppression.