stakeout
英 /ˈsteɪkaʊt/美 /ˈsteɪkaʊt/
n. 名词
监视;盯梢;警察的监视行动;被监视的对象
基本释义
stakeout 作名词,核心含义是“警察或侦探对嫌疑人或地点进行的隐蔽监视”。它由动词短语 stake out 转化而来,本义是“用桩标出(边界或区域)”,后引申为警察在特定地点布置警力、进行监视,以防止犯罪或抓捕嫌疑人。各义项包括:1)监视行动本身,如“进行监视”;2)监视的地点或岗位;3)被监视的对象(人或物)。引申关系清晰:从“标出范围”到“在范围内蹲守”,再到“整个监视行动及目标”。
构词与来源
stakeout 由名词 stake(桩)和副词 out(出)组合而成。动词短语 stake out 原指“用木桩标出土地边界”,如“stake out a claim”(标出领地,引申为声明主权)。19世纪美国西部拓荒时期,人们用木桩标记土地所有权,后来警察术语借用此义,指在犯罪现场或嫌疑人住处附近“标出”监视区域,即蹲守。记忆时可联想:警察像打桩一样固定在一个地点,持续观察,即“stakeout”。
常见语境
stakeout 主要用于新闻报道和口语中,常出现在犯罪题材的影视作品、侦探小说或警方通报里。在新闻报道中,它客观描述警方行动,如“The police conducted a stakeout outside the bank.”(警方在银行外进行了监视。)在日常口语中,语气较轻松,有时带幽默感,如“We did a stakeout on the fridge to see who ate the cake.”(我们盯着冰箱,看谁吃了蛋糕。)在法律或正式文件中,较少使用,更倾向用“surveillance”或“police observation”。在文学作品中,它营造紧张氛围。
语法提示
stakeout 是可数名词,复数形式为 stakeouts。常见句型有“conduct a stakeout”、“be on a stakeout”、“do a stakeout”。如:“The detectives conducted a stakeout on the suspect's apartment.”(侦探对嫌疑人公寓进行了监视。)注意:stakeout 常与地点搭配,用介词 on 或 of,如“a stakeout on the building”。另外,动词形式是 stake out,为及物动词短语,可分开使用,如“stake out the house”。易错点:不要与“takeout”(外卖)混淆。
同义词区别
stakeout 与 surveillance(监视)相近,但 stakeout 特指警察在固定地点进行的、有一定期限的隐蔽监视,强调“蹲守”;surveillance 更广泛,可指电子监控、情报收集等,更正式。与“watch”相比,stakeout 更专业,有执法色彩。“tail”(跟踪)指移动中的监视,而 stakeout 是静止的。语境中,若强调警方行动,用 stakeout;若强调技术手段或长期监控,用 surveillance。例如:“The police used cameras for surveillance.”(警方用摄像头监控。)而“The officers were on a stakeout.”(警察在蹲守。)
常见误区
stakeout 是中性词,不具褒贬,但语境常涉及犯罪,故在普通场合慎用,以免引起误会。它属于非正式到中性语域,在正式写作中建议用“surveillance”。常见误用:将 stakeout 当作动词,如“They stakeout the house.”应改为“They stake out the house.”(动词短语需分开时,名词形式才连写)。另外,不要与“takeout”混淆,后者指外卖。在口语中,幽默用法可接受,但需注意场合。
搭配用法
- conduct a stakeout
- be on a stakeout
- set up a stakeout
- police stakeout
- stakeout team
- stakeout car
- stakeout location
实用例句
The police conducted a stakeout on the warehouse for two weeks.
During the stakeout, the officers observed a suspicious delivery.
They set up a stakeout across the street from the suspect's house.
The movie features a tense stakeout scene in a parked car.
After a long stakeout, the agents finally made an arrest.