tear one's hair out
英 /teə wʌnz heə aʊt/美 /tɛr wʌnz hɛr aʊt/
v. 短语动词
(因焦虑、愤怒等)抓耳挠腮,极其烦躁
基本释义
该短语本义为“把某人的头发扯掉”,字面动作是极度焦虑或愤怒时的原始反应。引申义为“极度烦恼、焦躁不安”,通常指因无法解决问题或面临巨大压力而表现出无助和沮丧。其引申逻辑是从具体动作(扯头发)到抽象情绪(烦躁),强调情绪的强烈程度和失控感。
构词与来源
该短语由“tear”(撕扯)和“hair out”(头发出来)构成,字面即“把头发扯下来”。这一表达可追溯至19世纪,源于人们在极端情绪下会不自觉地抓扯头发的生理反应。记忆时可将“扯头发”这一动作与“绝望”或“抓狂”的情绪联系起来,想象一个人因束手无策而做出此动作。
常见语境
该短语多用于日常口语和非正式写作,如朋友间抱怨工作压力、家长谈论孩子学业等。在新闻报道或文学作品中也会出现,用以生动描述人物的焦虑状态。正式场合(如学术论文或商务邮件)中较少使用,因其口语色彩浓厚,且带有强烈情绪色彩。
语法提示
该短语为及物动词短语,宾语为“one's hair”,且“one's”需与主语一致,例如“I tore my hair out”。常见句型为“tear one's hair out (over/about sth)”,表示“因某事而抓狂”。易错点:误将“hair”用作复数(如“hairs”),或漏掉代词所有格(如“tear the hair out”)。
同义词区别
近义表达包括“be at one's wit's end”(智穷计尽)、“pull one's hair out”(同义)、“go crazy”(发疯)和“be frustrated”(沮丧)。“tear one's hair out”强调外显的烦躁动作和情绪失控,而“be at one's wit's end”更侧重理性上的无计可施;“go crazy”则泛指发疯,不特指焦虑。
常见误区
该短语语域偏口语,通常带有夸张和比喻色彩,不宜用于正式书面语。褒贬色彩为中性偏贬,多用于描述负面情绪。常见误用包括:混淆“tear”(撕扯)与“tear”(眼泪)的发音和拼写;在正式场合过度使用;或误用为“tear one's hairs out”(hair不可数)。
相关词条
搭配用法
- tear one's hair out over
- tear one's hair out with frustration
- be tearing one's hair out
- almost tear one's hair out
- tear one's hair out in despair
- tear one's hair out trying to do sth
实用例句
I've been tearing my hair out trying to fix this computer bug.
She tore her hair out over the lost documents.
The teacher was tearing his hair out because the students wouldn't listen.
Don't tear your hair out; we'll find a solution eventually.
He tore his hair out when he saw the test results.