tempt
英 /tempt/美 /tɛmpt/
v. 动词
引诱,诱惑;吸引,使感兴趣
基本释义
本义为“试探、考验”,源自拉丁语 temptare,意为“触摸、尝试、考验”。引申义为“引诱、诱惑”,即通过提供诱人的东西或机会,使人产生做某事的欲望,通常指做可能不明智或错误的事情。再引申为“吸引、使感兴趣”,语气较弱,指事物本身具有吸引力,使人想要尝试或拥有。
构词与来源
源自拉丁语 temptare(尝试、考验),经古法语 tempter 进入英语。同源词包括 attempt(尝试,前缀 ad- 加强)和 temptation(诱惑,名词后缀 -ation)。记忆时可联系“考验”的本义:诱惑是对人意志的考验。
常见语境
日常口语中常用,表示被美食、购物等吸引,如“I'm tempted to buy it.”。新闻报道中常用来描述犯罪或丑闻的诱因,如“He was tempted by the offer of easy money.”。文学作品和正式写作中用于探讨诱惑的主题,如“He was tempted to betray his friend.”。商务场合较少直接使用,但可用于描述市场吸引力,如“The low price may tempt customers.”。语气上,口语偏轻松,正式场合偏严肃。
语法提示
及物动词,后接名词或代词:tempt sb.。常见句型:tempt sb. to do sth.(诱惑某人做某事);tempt sb. into doing sth.(诱使某人做某事);be tempted to do sth.(很想做某事,语气委婉)。易错点:tempt 不能直接接动词原形,需用不定式或介词 into 加动名词。
同义词区别
tempt 强调诱因的吸引力,常暗示后果可能不好;lure 指用诱饵或诡计引诱,更主动;entice 指通过巧妙方式吸引,中性略偏褒义;attract 泛指吸引力,不涉及道德判断;seduce 强调性诱惑或使人误入歧途,语气强烈。选择时注意语境:日常小事用 tempt,恶意引诱用 lure,中性吸引用 attract。
常见误区
语域中性,口语和书面语均可用。略带贬义,因常与做错事或危险行为相关,但也可用于正面激励,如“I was tempted to try the new restaurant.”。常见误用:避免与 attempt 混淆,tempt 是“诱惑”,attempt 是“尝试”;不要漏掉介词 to 或 into。
搭配用法
- tempt someone to do something
- tempt someone into doing something
- be tempted to do something
- tempt fate
- tempt providence
- tempt someone away
- tempt the appetite
实用例句
The smell of fresh bread tempted me to enter the bakery.
He was tempted into spending more than he could afford.
I'm tempted to take a day off and go to the beach.
The advertisement is designed to tempt customers with attractive discounts.
She resisted the temptation to check her phone during the meeting.